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Domesticating wild rats caught at adulthood

76K views 343 replies 59 participants last post by  Kucero  
#1 ·
I'm a rat owner...sort of. I caught an Eastern woodrat in (appropriately) my woodshop. Evidence of her residency became apparent before I even knew she was there. Cords and wires were severed, and almost every one of them looked like it was cut with a sharp blade, not chewed. A couple of the severed plugs were nowhere to be found. I started losing halfway-finished projects. Pen turning is the latest facet of woodworking I'm trying to perfect, and the hardest part is trying to get the perfect shine. Sometimes, I'll work on polishing several pen barrels at a time before I assemble them, but production was halted when I started losing pen barrels. And drill bits. And one half of a yo-yo I was making from purpleheart. Then my broom started balding; half its bristles were gone. The only two people that set foot in my shop regularly are 14-year-old son, and my neighbor, Jamie. I was getting plenty heated, trying to figure out which one of them thought he was doing something hilarious.


I guess I should be flattered that my efforts have been met with approval from the most discerning aficionados of shiny loot.

Then I found the first pack rat stash while I was straightening up the shop. Everything was just piled in one corner, even the broom bristles and electrical cords. I also found several blue shop towels, a lot of used segments of sandpaper rolls I had used on the lathe and tossed to the floor, packing peanuts, a pack of Jamie's cigarettes that was still halfway full, my new torch lighter that was only three days old when I lost it, several crushed aluminum cans (I recycle), some unused wood pen blanks I had actually ordered online and paid quite a bit for (Gaboon ebony is a frightfully expensive wood!) and one of my Kobalt screwdrivers. Even after finding the mess, I still had no idea how in the world everything had wound up in the corner. A few nights later, my shop guest made her first appearance. I work nights because Louisiana heat is murder when it's married to Louisiana humidity, and I was sitting at the workbench when she appeared two feet away from where I was sitting, smelled me, and scampered off. I had no idea what she was. I had never seen a rat before. I don't recall seeing one even in a pet store. She didn't look like any of the rats I had seen in movies or on TV, so I resumed my work, and thought about rodents.

A couple of nights after she made her debut, I saw her again around midnight, and texted Jamie. He had just gone to bed but decided that mystery rodents were more interesting...and he never has anything important to do, anyway. He brought a squirrel trap with him that looks like it was made before the wheel was invented. He ignored my suggestions to oil it, baited it with peanut butter, and set it a couple of feet from where I found the stash. Less than five minutes later, the rat came out, crawled into the trap without hesitation, and gleefully started grazing on peanut butter, perched right on top of the trip mechanism. I tapped Jamie, who stood up saw what was happening. It took about four seconds for him to realize what was happening, but once the light clicked on, he got mad and hollered something about "Yer not gettin' a free meal ya *******!" as he flailed his arms. The rat was out of sight before he got the third word out. Eventually, I came up with the idea to tie fishing line to the hook that restrains the spring-loaded door, and the next time she took the bait, I gave the line a sharp tug, and she was trapped.

I took this picture a few minutes later.


Poor thing was scared, and I was mystified. She looks like an overgrown mouse, not the beady-eyed things that come to mind whenever I think of rats. I worried that the trap's wires might hurt her feet, so I made a crappy box from 1/2" sheathing and hot glue, with a Plexiglass front and a lid that was too small to sit squarely on top. I skewed it a bit so it wouldn't fall in, and somehow managed to get the rat into the box.

Not long after dawn, Jamie came back into the shop with two baby rats he found outside. Instead of leaving them alone, he thought it would be a brilliant idea to pick them up and bring them inside. Damage was done, so I added two baby rats to the box. They were only about a week old, and they obviously belonged to the rat I had captured. Mama rat didn't abandon her concern about her predicament and immediately focus all of her attention on them, but I could easily see the familiarity she had with the babies.

About half an hour later, I looked up from the lathe just in time to see mama rat push the roof aside with her nose. She had actually climbed right up the sheathing and moved the roof enough to escape, and she didn't waste any time. "Screw you two kids, I'm outta here!" Gone.

At that point, the adventure changed from entertainment to responsibility. I hadn't researched anything about rats, and I just assumed that human scent would make her abandon her babies. So I immediately began learning how to take care of newborn rats, and even though they must be tended every 2-4 hours at that age, around the clock, I did a **** fine job. I actually got attached to them. They squeaked, they squirmed, they REALLY enjoyed the feedings, but they didn't make it. Poor things thrived for five days...their eyes were almost ready to open...but something (probably my fault) gave them a respiratory infection, I didn't have a way to help them, and the vet couldn't do anything (because it's illegal to treat wild animals) and I just watched helplessly as they gasped for air they couldn't get. I couldn't even give them a quick death because I was fervently hoping and wishing they would recover. But they suffocated in the open air before dying in my hands. I was both frustrated and depressed.



When I started noticing things were missing again, I looked in that corner and saw that mama rat had started a new stash. I set the trap, baited it with peanut butter, and caught her again, but she escaped as I was trying to transfer her to a different box. I caught her a third time. Got her in the original sheathing/hot glue box, but the too-small roof fell in, and the surprised rat took the opportunity to escape before the surprised woodworker could make any attempts to prevent it. I caught her a fourth time, she escaped a fourth time. When I caught her for the fifth time with the same bait, (peanut butter = crack for rats), I made a pretty decent rat habitat with solid wood and Plexiglass. I made an "external" room that had a screen floor (fireplace screen, not screen-door screen) for those private moments in every rodent's life (it was the bathroom, haha). The "bathroom" had a hinged ceiling so I could reach into the lower level of the cage to put food and bedding inside, and I put a heavy box of drill bits on top of that ceiling so mama rat wouldn't nose her way out again. The whole setup looked good for a hot glue job, but I was worried that there wasn't enough air flow because I used Plexiglass instead of wire (which I didn't have).

I didn't plan to keep her long, anyway, because it's almost impossible to tame a wild rat if it's caught in its adulthood, but oddly, she was showing a few domestic traits. She would approach the Plexiglass if I put my finger against it, she didn't shy away from my voice like she did throughout the first couple of captures, she was nibbling on the morsels I had put in with her, and then she was drinking water from a dropper I was holding for her through one of the many vents. I went to a hardware store to buy some hardware cloth to improve her air circulation, and stopped by the pet store for some rat treats. I brought the goodies into the shed, and...no rat. The entire bathroom had fallen off. Even if she wasn't in it when it fell, the sound of that box of drill bits hitting the floor probably scared her out of her mind.

I set the trap again, but I put it outside, in a covered area attached to the back of the shed. I caught her for the 6th time less than three minutes after I put the trap down, baited with more peanut butter. I was starting to think she was enjoying the dance. This time, I modified the box with the ill-fitting roof and made a decent habitat out of it. While she was chilling in that home (it was only about 12" x 12" x 12", I started working on a "tower" whose frame was an old waterbed headboard someone threw away. I spent many hours working on it, but she got away in transit from box to tower. For a few days after that, she wouldn't go near anything that smelled like peanut butter. But on day 5, I caught her again after baiting a trap with chocolate pie crust, and she got away again while I was transferring her, surprising me with her leaping prowess and climbing ability (she skittered straight up a wide sheathing board and was out of sight before I could even say, "You suck!"). Three more days passed before I caught her again...with peanut butter...and I successfully installed her in the tower. She completely bypassed all of the little steps and ladders I had put in, navigating by hardware cloth. While she was in the tower, I successfully fed her several kernels of sweet corn by hand, through the wires of the hardware cloth. I went inside the house, and when I came back out to the shop four hours later, she was gone again, having chewed through the sheathing I had used when I ran out of hardware cloth. I slathered an aluminum can with peanut butter and set the trap again, and caught her within the hour. She wasn't even panicking over being caught anymore. She's escaped nine times, but I've caught her ten times. I didn't even use a trap for #10: she hid inside a roll of roofing felt, so I put an aluminum can in each end to cut off another bid for freedom, picked the whole roll up, and held it vertically over the opening in the third cage I made for her until she crawled down into it.

That was two or three weeks ago. She can't get out of my latest cage, even after I added another level on top of it. So now, I have a trapped wild rodent. Killing her isn't an option for me. Dumping her in the woods far away from my house is almost a guaranteed death sentence. But I can't let her continue her mischief in my shop, so now I'm taking care of a wild animal. I had trouble giving her water, because she couldn't see either the dropper or the pipette I used, but I found that adding some fruit juice helped her find the tip by smell. I tried putting water in a clean juice cap, but she immediately spilled everything when she picked it up to "pack" it somewhere. After that, she just crapped in the water-filled lid and kept doing it every time I cleaned and refilled it. I spent two days teaching her how to use the water bottle, but she's a pro now, so I don't have to worry about dropper quenching.

I've made several modifications to the cages. I put an 11" mesh exercise wheel on the upper level, but she's not having any of that nonsense. She probably suspects another trap or similar horrible fate. She eats straight from my hand now, and she's very sweet and gentle about it. Corn is her favorite, but I know I can't give her too much of that. She licks my fingers clean and even puts her front paws on my hand so she can reach further back to search for other tidbits.


Too much corn makes a ratty fatty.

As completely comfortable as she has grown to being hand fed, she won't let me touch her. I'm disappointed by this; I love petting animals. I make cats and dogs melt in my lap. But the Force is strong in this poor little vermin, and her instincts run way too deep.

Most of the time, she seems content, even happy, but I'm not so deluded that I believe her #1 yearning is for anything other than freedom. So I've resigned myself to a rat's lifetime of obligation, and none of the love.

I named her Rita, after Rita Hayworth, who played indirect roles in The Shawshank Redemption via classic movies and wall posters. Shawshank was about prison, the rat in sort of a prison, so...Rita. That, and since rats can learn their names, I thought it would be an easy one for her to catch.

The fact that her name is an anagram of "I, Rat" is just a bonus.

She stars in my first YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_QFW1QVWbIc

The next one will be better. I have plenty of footage; she's been a wellspring of weird rodent behavior.
 
#36 ·
Clearly some people have a lot of bias towards keeping wild animals and their passion on the subject shows. I do not know what I would do in this situation but I feel that regardless of what your opinion on the matter is, our goal as a community should be to educate and steer in the right direction. If OP has decided he wishes to keep the wood rat (and I feel his reasons for doing so are somewhat legitimate), lets band together and try to figure out the best captive environment for this little critter - at least for the time being. I cannot feel angry at this situation because it is clear that Kucero seems to mean well and is trying to take on board advice on the cage etc.

My own personal experience in keeping wildlife is fairly small. I rescued a baby pigeon from some ravens who were brutally pecking it to death in the middle of the street. I was a child then and still received criticism from the people around me who thought that it was not my place to interfere with nature. Arguably they have a point but I also think it isn't ever that simple. We live among these creatures and whether we like it or not it is difficult not to invest ourselves in correcting something that looks like it needs interfering. I nursed the pigeon back to health for quite a long time and it eventually grew up into a wonderful adult. Whilst we rehabilitated him, he had full flight off our house and we did grow quite attached to him however when we felt it was time and his recovery was complete, we gave him the chance to leave us. Needless to say he chose to fly away and we never saw him again. I guess my point is that I myself believe a wild animal should stay wild but that does not mean keeping the wood rat comfortable for the time being whilst you figure out a humane release is a bad thing. If a release is not an option then I think providing it with the best captive environment you can should be a priority and it sounds like you are willing to learn and implement the kind of life it needs.

Anyway, I wish you and the rat the very best of luck. I hope you figure out the right option for the both of you.
 
#37 ·
I'm inclined to say release her, but I think a good route to go would be to "rat proof" your workshop and maybe she can be tamed and be an out of cage wild rat - you can feed her and teach her destroying stuff isn't okay and she'll be your buddy but would still be allowed freedom and her natural habitat. There's a guy who rehabbed a raccoon who does this, the little bugger breaks into his house for food and love but spends the rest of it's time wandering freely like a true wild animal.
 
#40 ·
Sorry dee but I think your advice would be better listened to if you did not come off so rudely - I can understand someone being passionate about the well being of an animal - but you NEED to also be aware that you are speaking to a person who truly means no harm.

There is NO reason to be rude!!
 
#42 ·
Gotchea, your situation was completely different. Wilder was in need of assistance when you found him. The woodrat however, was clearly doing great in her environment. It also didn't matter that you kept wilder because he, being an invasive species, is not welcomed in our ecosystems and probably would have been killed by any wildlife rehabilitator you gave him to.
 
#45 ·
The wildlife center would just release her because she's healthy and there is nothing preventing her from being successful in her environment.
 
#47 ·
It's the wild. It is full of danger, especially for a small animal like the woodrat. But she actually most likely came from that area or a similar area. I doubt she grew up in his woodshop, it's not the only world she has ever known. She just found a nice place to have her babies.
 
#48 ·
From a kind of outsiders point of view this has all got WAY out of hand. This guy had a choice, the rat was persistently invading his workshop and causing trouble. So he either killed it, or caught it. I could never kill any animal big or small unless it was truly suffering. He caught this animal, and obviously became slightly attached...probably because it took so many attempts! So now he wants to try and do what's best for it, if you think that's to release it back into the wild. Then that's brilliant you've made your point so you can stop repeating yourself. If he chooses to keep Rita and give her the best life possible then we should try and help. It's called the rat forum, people come here for guidance and support if you don't agree with what they're doing then move onto another thread. Our fancy rat pets originate from wild animals lets not forget, so if someone sometime somewhere hadn't decided to 'keep' some, then we would not have them in our homes today.
 
#52 · (Edited)
Many years ago there was a debate on another forum on a different topic that raged for several years, so my friend and I went to some of the top experts in the field, each with many years of expertise and finally we talked to one fellow who commented that what made the debate so difficult to resolve was that both opposing methods worked just about equally as well. In other words the debate was essentially between two right answers... and therefore it wasn't one that either side was ever going to win or lose. In cases where one method did work better than the other, it was due to better implementation and execution not because of better theory.

So the OP sets Rita free and an owl swoops down and eats her tomorrow... Would anyone really count this as a win for wildlife? Sure if you're really into owls it might be... But it's not really the best outcome for Rita. Nor is a life trapped in a cage the best life for Rita, but it might be better than being eaten by an owl... at least marginally...

There's no absolute right answer and no absolute wrong answer here. Every pet rat we own is the distant relative of a wild animal. If the first rats weren't taken from the wild none of us would own rats. That said, I think everyone was right in sharing their opinion and arguing their point of view. Just that I don't believe that it's a point that can ever be completely resolved. One might even argue that if a few more dodo birds or passenger pigeons had been taken into captivity those species may not be extinct now.

Honestly, I don't know how the wood rat would do as a companion species. It's worked a treat for dogs and it's worked pretty well for our rats and Wilder proved that black rats can flourish among human friends. We're not talking about caging a wild Bengal tiger here.

Now the heading on this thread is regarding domesticating a wild adult rat. More specifically a wild adult wood rat not just caging it. Assuming that the OP is serious about domesticating Rita, I think he can provide an interesting life for her as a companion animal rather than just a cage animal, that would be a challenging and interesting pursuit. And we would all stand to learn a whole lot about Rita in the process. I for one, would be very interested to know if wood rats can befriend humans and how they would do as human companions.

Sure the OP might get bitten, and there are some health risks the OP has to assume, but there's a real up side to both Rita and the OP if they can build a relationship.

Given the choice between setting Rita free or locking her in a cage for the rest of her life, I think I would opt for setting her free, but given the third choice of actually socializing her and giving her a full life as a companion animal like a domestic rat or a dog, then this becomes an experiment I could support, at least up to the point it doesn't work out.

If gotchea had locked wilder in a cage and never let him out, I think she would have been very wrong, regardless of rescuing him as a pup. I think it's wrong for folks to lock domestic rats in a cage their whole lives. But I do believe that rats and humans can bond and share better and more interesting lives together than they often can lead apart.

So folks, it's fine to debate the merits of your beliefs, but don't get hostile... Always keep in mind that there can be two or even multiple right answers. And there may even be certain right answers are are only right in certain situations or right because they are marginally better than other answers. Some right answers are even case specific to a particular rat and particular owner... All of our grand theories aside we can beat the daylights out of each other and all be wrong. Rita might be alive today because last night some owl went hungry.

So, if the OP wants to lock Rita into a cage for the rest of her life or let her go, I'm out right here... If he's crazy enough to try and socialize her into a mutually rewarding domestic lifestyle, I'm willing to play along. I'm not pretending to be right or wrong or more right than anyone else.

As some of your folks know, my interest and specialty is in rat bonding, socialization and behavior. I've learned from my mistakes and successes with a part wild rat and domestic rats and observations of wild rats. I'm prone to look at this as a fantastic learning experience. And as crazy as it might sound, this could turn out great for both Rita and the OP. But until someone actually tries it we'll never know....

So to the OP, take a look at my immersion thread at the top of the behavior section, consider armoring up so you don't get bitten and give it some thought. If you can build a real relationship with Rita the two of you might just have a real future together. Lots of wild brown rats have lived fun and rewarding lives with human families and so have some black rats... Can wood rats become house pets and live in domestic bliss or can you socialize an adult wood rat? Can immersion even work with wood rats? To be honest, I don't think anyone knows for sure... I suppose, I could even argue against wood rats becoming bonded to humans as they are more of a solitary species, but until someone tries it, we will never know.

Best luck to you and Rita whatever you decide to do.
 
#54 ·
Rat Daddy, I read your immersion posts...that is exactly the sort of education I was hoping to find when I came to these forums. I've spent many hours learning as much as I could find about rats in general and Eastern woodrats in particular, and there is little to no information to be found on woodrats in captivity that weren't put there strictly for the sake of research.

One thing I did find interesting is that one of those captive woodrats lived for 8 years and 7 months.

My experience with Rita has taken a sharp turn. She just had two babies. All three are fine. Those babies are very red, but well-furred across the back and head. It's difficult to read a rodent's expression, so I'm watching her body language. I think she's a little tense, but not fearful. She's still being hand fed with no problems yet, but now my primary concern is whether I need to adjust her diet in a way that will help our newborn ratties.
 
#57 ·
You've very much nailed it... there's very little behavioral information on wood rats out there when it comes to socializing them or bonding with them... To some degree it's make it up as you go along. What works with brown and black rats might be a good starting point, but certainly not entirely appropriate...

To make things more interesting, being a new Mom, Rita is likely to become more protective and possibly more hostile towards intrusion.... Funny, when I saw Rita moving all the stuff around her cage I kept thinking she looked like she was nesting... And the pups she already had seemed to be too small a litter...

Congrats on being a dad!

I'm thinking she was attracted to the peanut butter, so nuts might be good for her now... maybe not peanut butter, but unsalted nuts in general... In nature, there would have been american chestnuts and acorns around this time of year while the species was evolving... (not horse chestnuts) I'm talking about the roasting kind of chestnut... I don't know if wood rats are seasonal in terms of when they reproduce, but if there's something abundant where you live in the woods, I'm guessing her pregnancy would be timed with that.

Black rats and brown rats are pretty much tropical animals so their breeding cycles aren't tied to the seasons, wood rats however are more temperate, so they may need certain things to help them gestate and nurse found in nature...

If all else fails go with lots of variety. Greens, seeds, nuts, fruits and grains... you can't go too far wrong that way. Rita will pick and choose what she needs. Interestingly enough this also gives you a couple of pups to raise...

For now, I'd suggest monitoring Rita for stress or anxiety, she may like you, but don't bring too many other people around... Wild rats usually don't bond well with more than one or a few humans and still see other humans as a threat. We don't want Rita to neglect her kids because she's freaked out over something you can prevent. I'll assume she's used to your routine, so that shouldn't bother her too much, but don't break things up too much or she may stress out and do something undesirable at least until the pups open their eyes. Once they are eating some solid foods you are going to have to meet them and begin socializing them, by then Rita should be OK with it (hopefully) because socializing wild rats should start as soon as possible... As no one has done this, there's no rule about the right time to introduce yourself to the pups or how Rita will react. You have to play this by ear and watch for her reaction as you go.

Keep in mind, even the best advise you are likely to get is only our best guess, based on theory developed with a completely different species, no one that I know has actually raised a wood rat so careful experimenting is going to be part of the process. I suspect we are all about to learn something about wood rats. Keep us posted.

And again congrats dad!
 
#59 ·
I just have to say this is amazing. And that is the cutest thing I have ever seen! I hope the babies do well! And I didn't see anyone say this but don't feel bad about loosing the first babies you tried to hand raise. We tried with a litter of 13 fancy rat pups who's mom died and it was hard and heart breaking when they died for no obvious reason. We were told when they are that small it's really hard, especially when their eyes havnt even opened, to keep them going. But that's so amazing you tried! Best of luck with her and the new babies!
 
#60 ·
I've been thinking about Rita all day lol. I don't condone keeping wild animals, but clearly you care about her and she seems "different" enough for this to be an exception to the rule... What does her current cage look like now? I wish I was as handy as you haha. Also, I'm curious, are you able to get into the cage? Do you give her food through the bars, or a door? Does she try to escape if/when you open a door? And how do you plan on cleaning up the soiled cage... eventually? I watched the video and WOW, she is beautiful. :3
 
#61 · (Edited)
Rita and babies are doing well so far. It might be something rat experts are used to, but it tickles me when I see Rita walk around just dragging her newborns along with her nipples.

Rita is understandably extra tense, and has given me a couple of warning lunges for putting my hand into the cage too quickly. She's fed directly, not through the cage wires. Her dwelling is multi-leveled, and before the babies, it wasn't difficult to restrict her access to a certain area of the cage if I needed to clean it. Now, though, she's probably going to have to live without having her cage cleaned for who knows how long. I'm just playing it by ear and doing my best to determine her levels of tension and stress.

I'm not taking a bunch of pictures, because it would probably increase her anxiety. I did manage to get a decent shot of the babies while Rita was getting a drink, and she didn't seem to notice or worry. I'm surprised at how dark and thick their fur is already.

 
#62 ·
They're beautiful, congratulations. Do you know the age to separate? Unless of course you've gotten lucky and both pups are female.
 
#64 ·
Oh they beautiful, so happy to hear Rita and her babies are doing well:) :) Congrats again... They look gorgeous. I once put my hand into a pet store cage where the momma rat had babies and she bit right through drawing blood. Considering that was a domesticated rat you are doing very well if Rita's still eating from your hand. After a few days maybe when she starts to leave them for slightly longer stretches you could try? I'll leave that up to the experts to advise though.

It's just sooo awesome. Are you coping okay?
 
#66 ·
I have no idea when separation would be a good idea. Eastern woodrats have a different cycle. Gestation is 33-36 days, lifespan in captivity is up to 8.6 years, weaning takes place at 4 weeks, sometimes three. Eyes begin opening during their third week. Females reach sexual maturity at 5-6 months, while males take a full year.

Right now, I'm just trying to keep mama as comfortable as possible, given our circumstances. She never has to leave her babies to find food, and she's certainly not going hungry.